\n\nAims. This study aimed to examine Selleck GDC-0994 the effectiveness of the ecological approach to improve adolescents’ understanding about puberty and related health risks.\n\nDesign. Modified Solomon four group design.\n\nMethods. Two Grade7 classes were randomly selected to form experiment and control group, respectively. A two-hour seminar

and a brochure about health and development during puberty were provided, and some students, parents and instructors in the experimental group commented on the intervention. Pre- and post-tests were conducted to measure students’ pubertal development status and their knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to puberty.\n\nResults. Students (n = 228) were aged 13.0 years (SD 0.45). The majority was categorised at the stage of mid-puberty or later, and approximately 11.2% of 116 girls and 22.3% of 112 boys were classified selleck kinase inhibitor as overweight or obese according to body mass index. No significant changes were identified within or between groups about knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to puberty and health before and after the intervention. The invention was considered

helpful, and an enriched delivery was required.\n\nConclusions. Although the overall feedback was positive, this ecological approach to adolescent health and development targeting at Grade7 students failed to generate significant effects on students’ knowledge, attitudes and behaviours surrounding puberty and health.\n\nRelevance to clinical practice. This study reveals that sexuality, particularly romantic relationships during puberty, may Ferroptosis inhibitor be perceived negatively in the local society. There is a need for school nurses to help all relevant people to understand and respond to sexuality-related concerns in a cultural appropriate way.”
“Hainan, an island linking mainland East Asia and Southeast Asia, lay in one of the routes of early migration to East Asia. The largest indigenous group of Hainan is called Hlai, possibly direct descendants of the earliest migrants.

However, there are no sufficient genetic data to assess the population history of Hainan Island. Here, we have analyzed mitochondrial DNA control-region and coding-region sequence variations in 566 Hlai individuals from all five subgroups, Ha, Gei, Zwn, Moifau, and Jiamao. Our results suggest three phases for the peopling of Hainan. The first phase represents the initial settlement of the island as part of the African dispersal approximately 50000 years ago. The second phase reflects colonization events from mainland Asia before the Last Glacial Maximum, which was recorded by wide distributed lineages, such as F*, B4a, and D4a.The third phase reflects population expansions under lineages F1b, M7b, and R9b after the Last Glacial Maximum and Neolithic migrations in and out of Hainan Island. Selection also started to play a role during the last phase.