By contrast, Item 10, the judging does not include any time restriction, but instead includes a factor related to need of support. Clearly, picking up a shoe from a standing position is a demanding task. If either the patient or the physiotherapist has doubts about the patients chance to perform AZD9291 lung cancer the task, they may avoid trying, automatically resulting in a score of 0. Standing and picking up a shoe is both a complex and dual task, why being able to implement it, whether with one or two Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries persons support, means more ability to body stabilization than not being able to do it at all. In contrast with the Items 4, 7, 8 and 10, the Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries rescoring of Item 1 3 was based only on clinical implications and not disordered thresholds.

Theses 3 items were rescored, as we considered that for the purpose of measuring postural control in such relatively easy activities the differences between 0 and 1 would be minimal. Indeed, Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries after these modifications, the difficulty hierarchy of the items changed and became more consistent with the expected progression in capability of postural control. The local dependency revealed in the SwePASS between Item 6 Standing with support and Item 11 Sitting down from standing up might be explained by the fact that the two items both test the ability to stand up. To work as intended, the scale should not include one or more similar items, both in terms of affection of estimation as well as of time efficiency and effort. As a consequence of the local dependency revealed in SwePASS, the items 6 and 11 were combined into a testlet.

This solution led to a fit to the Rasch model, with only a marginal reduction of the reliability value, Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries indicating that the SwePASS has the potential to be used at the individual level. Since stroke patients represent a very heterogeneous group, the result demonstrating nonexistence of DIF is important and positive for the clinician. In SwePASS, the responses of persons to items are determined only by the patients ability of postural control and are not influenced by their gender, age or stroke location. Consequently, de facto facilitates the interpretation of the scale. According to the item location, defined in logits and presented in Table 2, it is fully expected that the items associated with supine and sitting are less demanding on postural control than the items associated with standing positions.

As expected the two items involving the procedure of standing on one leg turned out to be the most difficult ones. As the clinical experience suggest, it is also expected that the Supine to affected side lateral is less difficult than Supine to non affected side lateral. Recently, La Porta and colleagues performed a Rasch analysis of the Berg Balance Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Scale. selleck chemical Nilotinib BBS is another clinical scale to assess balance in elderly, including patients with stroke, with several similar items as in the SwePASS. In that Rasch analysis, disordered thresholds were detected in 11 of 14 items.