On the basis of the physiological, biochemical, and molecular data, the three strains are part of a novel species of Papiliotrema genus, for which title Papiliotrema huenov sp. nov. is suggested. These strains are highly tolerant of heavy metals compared to other yeasts, having the ability to develop in the presence of 2 mM Pb (II), 2 mM Cd (II), or over to 5 mM Ni (II), but no growth was noticed in the existence of 1 mM As (III).Species of Laccaria (Hydnangiaceae, Agaricales, and Basidiomycota) are well-known ectomycorrhizal symbionts of a diverse variety of hosts. Laccaria species tend to be characterized by brown, orange, or purple colored basidiocarps, and globose or oblong, echinulate and multinucleate basidiospores. While many Laccaria types are easily identified at the species level only using the morphological faculties, other people are hard to distinguish during the species amount because of small variations in morphology. Heretofore, ten Laccaria types have been reported in Korea. While studying the fungal diversity within the National Parks of Korea, two brand new Laccaria species had been discovered. Species recognition was done predicated on molecular analyses (ITS, 28S rDNA, rpb2, and tef1), then were verified by their matching morphologies. The 2 newly discovered Laccaria species are proposed right here as Laccaria macrobasidia and Laccaria griseolilacina. The unique morphological figures of L. macrobasidia that distinguish it from its closely relevant species tend to be orange-brown coloured basidiocarp, long basidia plus the absence of cheilocystidia. L. griseolilacina is characterized by a light grayish lavender-colored pileus and the absence of cheilocystidia. Two brand new types are explained and illustrated in the present paper.An algific talus slope is composed of broken stones with vents linked to an ice cave, releasing cool environment in summer and fairly warmer atmosphere in wintertime to maintain a more stable microclimate all year round. Such geological features produce a very strange and fine ecosystem. Even though there are about 25 major algific talus slopes in Korea, lichen ecology of the places had not been investigated up to now. In this research, we report the initial research of lichen diversity and ecology at an algific talus slope, Jangyeol-ri, in Korea. An overall total of 37 specimens had been gathered over 2017-2018. Morphological and sequencing analysis uncovered 27 species owned by 18 genera present in the area. Of certain interest among these species had been Solorina saccata, because it features formerly perhaps not already been reported in Korea & most users genetic privacy of genus Solorina are recognized to phenolic bioactives inhabit alpine elements of the Northern Hemisphere. We provide right here a taxonomic secret for S. saccata alongside molecular phylogenetic analyses and forecast of possible habitats in South Korea. Moreover, regions in Southern Korea possibly ideal for Solorina spp. were predicted based on climatic features of known habitats around the world. Our outcomes revealed that the best places are mostly at high altitudes in mountainous areas where the annual heat range doesn’t exceed 26.6 °C. Further survey of various other ecological conditions determining the suitability of Solorina spp. should cause an even more exact forecast of ideal habitats and trace the beginning of Solorina spp. in Korea.Phlebopus spongiosus is a well-known delicious ectomycorrhizal mushroom native to southern Vietnam. The mushroom specimens accumulated from northern Thailand in this study had been recognized as P. spongiosus. This identification had been predicated on morphological qualities and also the multi-gene phylogenetic analyses. Natural cultures were isolated therefore the appropriate ideal mycelial development problems had been investigated. The results indicated that the fungal mycelia expanded really on L-modified Melin-Norkans, and Murashige and Skoog agar all of these were adjusted to a pH of 5.0 at 30 °C. Sclerotia-like structures had been observed on countries. The power of this mushroom to make fruiting bodies when you look at the absence of a host plant ended up being determined by employing a bag cultivation technique. Fungal mycelia completely covered the cultivation substrate after 90-95 days following inoculation of mushroom spawn. Beneath the mushroom home conditions, the best number of primordial formation ended up being seen after 10-15 days at a casing with soilvermiculite (11, v/v). The primordia progressed into a mature stage within one week. Furthermore, recognition associated with the cultivated fruiting bodies was confirmed by both morphological and molecular techniques. Here is the first record of P. spongiosus discovered in Thailand and its particular power to form fruiting systems without a bunch plant.Collections of Gymnopus sect. Levipedes from the Republic of Korea have already been examined. Two brand-new species, Gymnopus dryophiloides and G. brunneodiscus, tend to be explained predicated on their particular macro- and micromorphological and phylogenetic faculties. Three various other species, described as Gymnopus spp. 1, 2, and 3, are distinguished as separate taxa without formal information. Taxonomic and phylogenetic opportunities of all taxa happen inferred and confirmed by analyses of the and LSU series data. Their particular step-by-step explanations, pictures and an identification secret are offered.During a survey of putative fungal pathogens infecting oak trees within the Gangwon Province of the Republic of Korea, a fungus resembling a Ceratocystis sp. had been over repeatedly isolated from normal injuries on Quercus variabilis. Morphological comparisons and DNA series reviews according to Selleck Lumacaftor limited β-tubulin and TEF-1α gene areas showed that the fungi lived in a definite lineage. This novel Ceratocystis types is described right here as C. quercicola sp. nov. This is the first novel species of Ceratocystis to be reported from Korea. A pathogenicity test indicated that it can cause lesions on inoculated trees but that it had an extremely low level of aggressiveness.