γ-Proteobacteria O. sulcatus (in total 6412 reads) JN563760 6358 99.16 AB021128, Rickettsia sp. α-Proteobacteria   JN563761 learn more 35 0.55 EF633744, Candidatus Neoehrlichia lotoris α-Proteobacteria   JN563762 19 0.30 EF633744, Candidatus Neoehrlichia lotoris α-Proteobacteria O.

armadillo (in total 6311 reads) JN563763 5900 93.49 AB478978, endosymbiont of Pedicinus obtusus and AJ245596 endosymbiont of Camponotus balzanii (referred to as “Candidatus Blochmanni” endosymbionts throughout the text) γ-Proteobacteria   JN563764 60 0.95 FJ823944, uncultured Comamonas sp. β-Proteobacteria   JN563765 54 0.86 FJ868862, uncultured bacterium –   JN563766 43 0.68 FJ823944, uncultured Comamonas sp. β-Proteobacteria   JN563767 35 0.55 FJ544375, Comamonas aquatica β-Proteobacteria   JN563768 31 0.49 EU560802, uncultured bacterium –   JN563769 23 0.36 DQ407746, primary endosymbiont of Liposcelis decolor –   JN563770 21 0.33 DQ469223, uncultured bacterium –   JN563771 21 0.33 GQ845011, Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Library price Nevskia sp. γ-Proteobacteria   JN563772 20 0.32 DQ860049, uncultured bacterium –   JN563773 11 0.17 AF006670, Shewanella putrefaciens γ-Proteobacteria   JN563774 11 0.17 X82133, Shewanella putrefaciens γ-Proteobacteria   JN563775 11 0.17 EU801479, uncultured bacterium –   JN563776 10 0.16 EF019306, uncultured proteobacterium –   JN563777 9 0.14 AY953252, Prevotella sp. Bacteroidetes

  JN563778 8 0.13 EU464962, uncultured bacterium –   JN563779 8 0.13 EU536078, uncultured bacterium –   JN563780 8 0.13 GQ068015, uncultured bacterium –   JN563781 8 0.13 L16490, Porphyromonas asaccharolytica Bacteroidetes   JN563782 8 0.13 AY351787, uncultured marine bacterium –   JN563783 6 0.10 EF648074, uncultured Azoarcus sp., β-Proteobacteria   JN563784 5 0.08 EF648074, uncultured Azoarcus sp., β-Proteobacteria Only the closest relatives and their 16S rDNA accession numbers (see additional

file 1: 16S rDNA gene-based phylogeny of endosymbionts in four different Otiorhynchus spp. larvae) are mentioned. In addition to the most abundant reads, which belonged either to the genus Rickettsia or were similar to “Candidatus Blochmannia” bacteria and endosymbionts of the lice Pedicinus obtusus and P. badii, numerous reads with low sequence frequency were detected (Table 1). Indeed, we Edoxaban can not fully exclude the possibility that these sequences of putative rare endosymbionts are rather artefacts e.g. due to PCR contaminations. Phylogenetic analysis of Otiorhynchus spp. endosymbionts Phylogenetic analysis of 454 sequence data was performed to establish the relationship of the partial 16S rDNA sequences to each other and to related sequences gained from public databases. Among all studied weevil species, O. sulcatus showed the lowest bacterial endosymbiotic diversity (Table 1). The vast majority of sequences in O. sulcatus (~99% of the total reads) and O.