71 10.80 6.09 12.49 1.48 1.29 1.51 1.28 3.08 1.11 Cthe_3028 Pyridoxal-dependent decarboxylase −11.35 −13.46 −7.10 −6.92 −2.37 −1.04 −3.78 −2.89 −3.79 −2.02 Cthe_3149 aminoacyl-histidine dipeptidase 3.34 4.23 −1.07 1.63 1.15 1.05 1.39 1.37 4.09 2.72 Cthe_1332 Histidyl-tRNA AG-881 synthetase −1.58 −1.89 EPZ015666 purchase 1.66 −1.18 1.10 −1.03 −1.15 −1.62 −2.38 −1.64 Bold values indicate significantly different levels of expression as determined by ANOVA. For the PM vs. WT in 0% and 10% v/v Populus hydrolysate, a positive/negative value represents a higher/lower expression level in the PM compared to the WT. For the standard medium
(0%) versus Populus hydrolysate media (10 or 17.5%) positive/negative values represents higher/lower
expression levels in the hydrolysate media compared to standard medium. Values are indicated for samples collected during mid-log (ML) and late-log (LL) growth phases. Figure 3 The PM has increased expression of genes in the hisidine biosynthesis pathway compared to the WT in standard https://www.selleckchem.com/products/SB-525334.html media. Genes colored geen have greater than 2-fold higher expression and genes colored red have a greater than 2-fold lower expression in the PM than the WT in standard media. The extent of gene expression change and expression levels in other comparisons are given in Table 4. PRPP, 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate. ACR, aminoimidazole carboxamide ribonucleotide. Categories of gene with decreased expression in the PM There are a number of categories with decreased expression level for the PM when compared to the WT in standard medium. The downregulation of these
genes may be a result of trying to conserve cellular resources and redirect them in such a way as to increase the growth rate for the PM. The downregulated categories will be discussed briefly below. The downregulation of the cell division and sporulation genes by the PM compared to the WT in standard medium may seem counterintuitive with the faster growth rate of the PM. However, the genes in this Vildagliptin category can be subdivided into cell division genes and sporulation genes. Independent odds ratios on the gene subsets show that only the sporulation genes were significantly downregulated by the PM in standard medium (Additional file 1: Table S3). Although the PM downregulates a greater number (23 compared to 20) of cell division and sporulation genes in the 10% v/v Populus hydrolysate medium comparison over standard medium, it is not considered significant by odds ratio due to the larger total number of genes that were down regulated in the 10% v/v Populus hydrolysate medium comparison. Similarly, the PM downregulates 17 genes belonging to the sporulation subcategory, however, it is not significant in the hydrolysate medium comparison as seen in Additional file 1: Table S3. There are two possible reasons that the PM downregulates the sporulation genes.