These individuals corresponded to three males (an immature and two old ones), and a gestant female. Note that three of these individuals were sampled in the ‘crêtes pré-ardennaises’. In other PUUV-seropositive individuals, PUUV viral load buy VX-809 ranged between 243 and 1 324 542 copies per μg of vole RNA. Table 1 Description of the helminth diversity and PUUV seroprevalence per site of sampling. Site of sampling Landscape configuration N v N h (N ces-larv /N ces-ad /N nem ) Dominant taxa PUUV (%) 1-Hargnies Forest 34 9 (1/2/6) Aonchoteca annulosa 13 (43.33) 2-Woirie Forest 37 7 (1/1/5) Heligmosomoides glareoli 3 (8.82) 3-Renwez Forest 38 7 (1/0/6)

Heligmosomoides glareoli 6 (16.67) 4-Cliron Selleckchem XL184 Hedge 34 7 (2/1/4) Syphacia petrusewiczi 3 (9.67) 5-Elan Wood 27 5 (1/0/4) Heligmosomum mixtum 2 (8.00) 6-Cassine Wood 27 4 (1/1/2) Syphacia petrusewiczi 6 (23.07) 7-Sauville Hedge 31 8 (1/2/5) Syphacia petrusewiczi 0 (0.00) 8-Croix-aux-bois Wood 38 4 (1/0/3) Heligmosomoides glareoli 3 (11.11) 9-Briquenay Hedge 47 4 (2/0/2) Syphacia petrusewiczi 1 (3.33) N v , total number of voles trapped; N h , total number of helminth species observed per site; N ces-larv, number of cestode species in their larval JQEZ5 in vitro stage; N ces-ad , number of cestode species in their adult stage; N nem , number of nematode species; PUUV, number of PUUV seropositive voles with corresponding prevalence in brackets. The examination of the 313 digestive tracts

allowed the detection of 12 helminth species, corresponding to nine genera. Seven were nematode species, among which six had direct cycles. Five were cestode species and they all had indirect cycles (Table 2). Bank voles experienced from none to five helminth species infection. The number of individuals of a given helminth species infecting a bank vole was highly variable (Table 2). Note that the numbers of A. muris-sylvatici and T. crassiceps worms were impossible to count. Table 2 Description of the helminth species

observed in M. glareolus trapped in the french Ardennes. Species Parasite group Cycle (definitive or intermediate hosts) Prevalence per site (range in %) Number Dichloromethane dehalogenase of helminths per vole (range, for non null values) Taenia taeniaeformis CES-LARV I [0-23.53] [1-5] Taenia crassiceps CES-LARV I [0-2.94] – Catenotaenia henttoneni CES-AD I [0-8.82] [1-6] Hymenolepis (Arostrilepis s.l.) horrida CES-AD I [0-8.51] [1] Paranoplocephala omphalodes CES-AD I [0-2.13] [1] Mastophorus muris NEM I [0-17.65] [1-12] Heligmosomoides glareoli NEM Di [2.63-44.44] [1-17] Heligmosomum mixtum NEM Di [0-85.18] [1-20] Trichuris arvicolae NEM Di [0-21.05] [1-2] Syphacia petrusewiczi NEM Di [0-23.40] [1-226] Aonchotheca annulosa NEM Di [0-8.82] [1-70] Aonchotheca muris-sylvatici NEM Di [0-27.03] – NEM, nematodes; CES-LAR, cestodes infecting M. glareolus in their larval stage; CEST-AD, cestodes infecting M. glareolus in their adult stage; I, indirect cycle; Di, direct cycle.