Considering both night-time and daytime conditions, non-stomatal deposition was the major ozone sink, from 100% during bare soil period to 70-80% on average during maturity. However, considering only daytime conditions, especially under optimal climatic conditions for plant functioning, stomatal flux could represent 75% of total ozone flux. This model could improve estimates of crop yield

losses and projections of tropospheric ozone budget.”
“The poor activity of cathode materials for electrochemical reduction of oxygen in intermediate and low temperature regime ( smaller than 700 degrees C) is a key obstacle to reduced-temperature operation of solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs). In our previous click here work, the direct methane fuel cell exhibits approximately 1 W cm(-2) at 650 degrees C in hydrogen atmosphere without any functional selleck screening library layers when the electrospun LSCF-GDC cathode was applied into the La2Sn2O7-Ni-GDC

anode-supported cell, which is approximately two times higher performance than 0.45 W cm(-2) of the cell with the conventional LSCF-GDC cathode. For detailed analysis of the fibrous cathode, the symmetrical cells with the electrospun and conventional LSCF-GDC cathode are fabricated, and then their electrochemical characteristics are measured by using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). Each resistance contribution is determined by equivalent circuit consisting of a series resistance (R-s) and three arcs to describe the polarization 5-Fluoracil supplier resistance of the cathode. Total polarization

resistance of the electrospun LSCF-GDC cathode is approximately two times lower than that of the conventional LSCF-GDC cathode at 650 degrees C, which is attributed to fibrous microstructures and large amount of pores in 100-200 nm. The results correspond to the difference in the cell performances obtained from our previous work. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved.”
“PINK1 mutations cause autosomal recessive forms of Parkinson disease (PD). Previous studies suggest that the neuroprotective function of wild-type (WT) PINK1 is related to mitochondrial homeostasis. PINK1 can also localize to the cytosol; however, the cytosolic function of PINK1 has not been fully elucidated. In this study we demonstrate that the extramitochondrial PINK1 can regulate tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression and dopamine (DA) content in dopaminergic neurons in a PINK1 kinase activity-dependent manner. We demonstrate that overexpression of full-length (FL) WT PINK1 can downregulate TH expression and DA content in dopaminergic neurons. In contrast, overexpression of PD-linked G309D, A339T, and E231G PINK1 mutations upregulates TH and DA levels in dopaminergic neurons and increases their vulnerability to oxidative stress.