Cunha et al. put www.selleckchem.com/products/Romidepsin-FK228.html forward the NSCT method [15] in 2006; improvements have been made in solving contourlet limitations, and it was an ultra-perfect transformation with attributes of shift-invariance, multi-scale Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries and multi-directionality [16].Non-Negative Matrix Factorization (NMF) is a relatively new matrix analysis method [17] presented by Lee and Seung in 1999, and has been proven to converge to its local minimum in 2000 [18]. It has been successfully Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries adopted in a variety of applications, including image analysis [19,20], text clustering [21], speech processing [22], pattern recognition [23�C25], and so on. Unfortunately, some NMF-involved works are time consuming. In order to reduce time costs, an improved NMF algorithm has been introduced in this paper.
Our improved NMF algorithm is applied to fuse the low-frequency information in he NSCT domain, while the fusion of high-frequency details can be realized by adopting the Neighborhood Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries Homogeneous Measurement (NHM) technique used in reference [26]. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed fusion method can effectively extract useful information from source images and inject it into the final fused one which has better visual effects, and the running of the algorithm takes less CPU time compared with the algorithms proposed in [27] and [18].The remainder of this paper is organized as follows: we introduce NSCT in Section 2. This is followed by a brief discussion on how NMF is constructed, and how we improve it. Section 4 presents the whole framework of the fusion algorithm.
Section 5 shows experimental results for image fusion using the proposed technique, as well as the discussion Inhibitors,Modulators,Libraries and comparisons with other typical methods. Finally, the last Section concludes with a discussion of our and future works.2.?Non-Subsampled Contourlet Transform (NSCT)NSCT is proposed on the grounds of contourlet conception [13], which discards the Batimastat sampling step during the image decomposition and reconstruction stages. Furthermore, NSCT presents the features of shift-invariance, multi-resolution and multi-dimensionality for image presentation by using a non-sampled filter bank iteratively.The structure of NSCT consists of two parts, as shown in Figure 1(a): Non-Subsampled Pyramid (NSP) and Non-Subsampled Directional Filter Banks (NSDFB) [15]. NSP, a multi-scale decomposed structure, Vandetanib price is a dual-channel non-sampled filter that is developed from the ��trous algorithm. It does not contain subsampled processes. Figure 1(b) shows the framework of NSP, for each decomposition of next level, the filter H (z) is firstly sampled an using upper-two sampling method, the sampling matrix is D = (2, 0; 0, 2).