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“New legislation concerning assisted reproduction treatments was introduced in Turkey in March 2010 in order to reduce the number of multiple pregnancies. Selleck Blasticidin S This new legislation limits the number of embryos to be transferred to one under 35 years of age in the first or second treatment cycles and to two in the third or further cycles or for 35 and

older ages. The aim of this multicentre study was to investigate the effect of this new law on clinical pregnancy and multiple pregnancy rates. Outcomes were compared in equal periods of 2.5 months before and after the new law, and further investigation was conducted for two different age groups: <35 and >= 35. The clinical pregnancy rates decreased from 39.9 to 34.5% and multiple pregnancy rates decreased from 23.1 to 5.3% (P < 0.001) for the overall population. The outcomes of the < 35 age group and >= 35 age group were also similar to that of the overall population. These results suggest that under the new legislation multiple pregnancy rates are significantly reduced without causing a significant decline in the pregnancy rates. (C) 2010, Reproductive Healthcare Ltd. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Purpose With lumbar discectomy for disc herniation, surgeons must choose between limited nucleus removal associated with higher reherniation

risk or more aggressive nucleus removal associated with increased back pain and disc degeneration. This trade-off is particularly challenging in patients with large buy JNJ-26481585 anular defects, which carry the highest risk learn more of reherniation. We examined the effect of an anular closure device on reherniation and clinical outcomes.

Methods Seventy-five primary discectomy patients had a limited discectomy followed by implantation of an anular closure device and were followed-up to 2 years. Anular defect size and volume of removed nucleus was recorded at surgery. Reherniations were reported, pain and function were monitored throughout, and imaging was performed at annual visits.

Results

The overall symptomatic reherniation rate was 1.4 %, and the asymptomatic reherniation rate was 1.5 % at 12 months and 5.1 % at 24 months. Both rates compare favorably with literature reports which include symptomatic rates ranging between 2 and 18 % (up to 27 % for patients with large anular defects) and an asymptomatic rate of 13 %.

Conclusions The low reherniation rate in patients at highrisk of reherniation based on anular defect size, despite discectomy being only limited, suggests that an anular closure device may reduce reherniation risk. Clinical outcomes for pain and function at 1 and 2 years post-operatively compared favorably with literature reports. Further study in a randomized controlled trial is required to confirm these results.