REST also plays a role in proliferation, although its effect diff

REST also plays a role in proliferation, although its effect differs depending on the cell type. It acts as an oncogene in neural cells and tumors (medulloblastomas, neuroblastomas, glioblastomas) and as a tumor suppressor in carcinomas of the lung, breast, and colon. The mechanisms underlying this duality have started to emerge recently and new therapeutic approaches based on these findings are being developed. Here, Temsirolimus nmr we present the mechanisms proposed to account for the oncogenic and antioncogenic roles of REST and discuss the therapeutic perspective of recent advances, particularly for small-cell lung cancer.”
“Oxidative damage can be

induced by many environmental stressors. 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) has been used as a biomarker of oxidative DNA damage in both in vitro and in vivo studies. In the present study, Wistar rats were exposed to radon gas at a concentration of 100,000Bq/m(3) for 12 h/d for 30, 60, and 120 d, equivalent to cumulative doses of 60, 120, and 240 working level months (WLM), respectively. Changes in

levels of 8-OHdG, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and total antioxidant (T-AOC), as well as expressions of some DNA repair enzymes such as 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (OGG1) and MutT homolog 1 (oxidized purine nucleoside triphosphatase, MTH1), were determined in rat urine, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and lung after exposure to radon. The results revealed an increase in 8-OHdG and ROS levels, a decrease

in T-AOC levels, and reduced OGG1 and MTH1 expression levels. The elevated amount of 8-OHdG in Selleckchem Oligomycin A urine or lymphocytes was positively correlated with the cumulative exposure dose, whereas OGG1 Galactokinase and MHT1 expression levels in lung were inversely correlated with cumulative exposure dose. These findings indicate that oxidative damage induced by radon may be involved in radon-induced carcinogenesis.”
“BACKGROUND: Spinal cord cavernous malformations (CMs) are associated with 2 types of angiographically occult “”cryptic venous anomalies,”" which differ in location with respect to the spinal cord. The anatomic distinction between superficial and intramedullary is important in that the latter heighten the risks of CM resection.

OBJECTIVE: To report the observations of both types of cryptic venous anomalies documented during spinal digital subtraction angiography enhanced with flat-panel catheter angiotomography (FPCA).

METHODS: Spinal digital subtraction angiography enhanced with FPCA was performed in 2 adult patients with magnetic resonance imaging-documented intramedullary spinal cord CMs and prominent, nonspecific flow voids at the same levels. FPCA was obtained by selective injection of left T4 (case 1) and left T9 (case 2) with 5F Cobra 2 catheters (Terumo, Japan) during a 20-second rotational acquisition.

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