The variance of 0.81% (nine amino acids) between the protein sequences of BGIOSGA035032

and SasRGA5 was in the HMA domain (amino acids 1001–1070), C′-end (amino acids 1071–1116) and the NBS domain (amino acid 416: V → M) ( Fig. 3). The slight variance of the two Pia/PiCO39 alleles in cv. 93-11 may not affect the function of Pia/PiCO39 because cultivar 104 (Peh-kuh-tsao-tu) with the same two Pia alleles as 93-11 was earlier deduced to harbor NU7441 in vivo just the Pia gene [37]. In addition, the Pi60(t)-differential isolate 001-99-1 was avirulent to all four Pia/PiCO39-harboring lines, namely, IRBLa-A, IRBLa-C, Aichi Asahi and CO39 ( Table 7). These results indicated that Pi60(t) could be Pia/PiCO39 or its allele. Differences in amino acids are marked in rectangular blocks. Eleven blast R genes, namely, Pita, Pita-2, Pi6(t), IWR-1 Pi12(t), Pi19(t), Pi20(t), Pi21(t), Pi39(t), Pi42(t), Pi58(t) and Pi157(t), are reported in the vicinity of Pi61(t) (9,924,675–10,124,186). Their target regions were roughly 5.6 kb (10,603,772–10,609,330), 3.1 Mb (10,078,620–13,211,331), 14.8 Mb (4,053,339–18,867,450), 8.1 Mb (6,988,220–15,120,464), 4.6 Mb (8,826,555–13,417,087), 3.6 Mb (6,988,220–10,603,823), 9.4 Mb (6,988,220–16,395,622),

38 kb (10,614,346–10,652,094), 4.2 Mb (8,073,819–12,248,913), 3.4 Mb (7,461,555–10,900,056) and 9.2 Mb (8,826,555–18,050,447), respectively [11], [57], [68], [69], [70] and [71]. To distinguish Pi61(t) from neighboring R genes, eight monogenic lines for Pita, Pita-2, Pi12(t), Pi19(t) and Pi20(t), i.e., IRBLta-CT2, C104PKT, IRBLta2-Pi, IRBLta2-Re, F128-1, IRBL12-M, IRBL19-A and IRBL20-IR24, were tested with five differential isolates, 001-99-1, P-2b, RB17, GZ26 and 99-26-2, and compared with the donor 93-11 ( Table 7). Differential reactions were clearly observed among the eight lines, except for IRBL12-M and IRBL20-IR24 ( Table 7), suggesting that Pi61(t) was different from Pita, Pita-2 and Pi19(t). Pi39(t) was at least 490 kb (10,124,186–10,614,346) away from Pi61(t) according to the Endonuclease distances between markers most tightly linked to the two genes. In addition, Pi39(t)

was mapped using the same differential isolate CHL724 as was Pi41, which also originated from cv. 93-11 and delimited to 16,534,669–16,588,406 bp on chromosome 12 [47] and [69]. This indicated that Pi39(t) could not be present in 93-11 together with Pi41. Therefore, we concluded that Pi61(t) was different from Pi39(t). As for Pi42(t), its co-segregating markers, including RRS63, were at least 0.19 cM from Pi61(t) ( Fig. 2-b). The target region of Pi42(t) contained six candidate NBS-LRR genes, and among them LOC_Os12g18374 was short-listed as a potential candidate of Pi42(t) based on restriction analysis of 11 candidate R gene-derived sequence tagged sequence (CRG-STS) markers [70]. However, LOC_Os12g18374 (10,621,450–10,630,781) was at least 497 kb (10124186–10621450) from Pi61(t).