If the bicrystal is compressed further, dislocations within each grain are developed from the defects on the interface between grains. The configuration of the dislocations within grains is more regular when the applied twist angle is smaller. A Ni(111) bicrystal owns the largest amount of maximal stress no matter what the twist angle is. Those of a Ni(110) bicrystal is the second and of a Ni(100) bicrystal is the smallest. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3657948]“
“Class III peroxidases (Prxs) are plant enzymes capable of using H2O2 to oxidize a range of plant secondary KPT-330 metabolites, notably phenolic compounds. These enzymes

are localized in the cell wall or in the vacuole, which is a target for secondary metabolite accumulation, but very little is known about the function of vacuolar Prxs. Tariquidar ic50 Here, the physiological role of the main leaf vacuolar Prx of the medicinal plant Catharanthus roseus, CrPrx1, was further investigated namely by studying its capacity to oxidize co-localized phenolic substrates at the expense of H2O2. LC-PAD-MS analysis of the phenols from isolated leaf vacuoles detected the presence of three caffeoylquinic acids and four flavonoids in this organelle. These phenols or similar

compounds were shown to be good CrPrx1 substrates, and the CrPrx1-mediated oxidation of 5-O-caffeoylquinic acid was shown to form a co-operative regenerating cycle with ascorbic acid. Interestingly, more than 90% of total leaf Prx activity was localized in the vacuoles, associated to discrete spots of the tonoplast. Prx activity inside the vacuoles was estimated to be 1809 nkat ml(-1), which, together with the determined concentrations for the putative vacuolar phenolic substrates, indicate a very high H2O2 scavenging capacity, up to 9 mM s(-1). Accordingly, high light conditions, known to increase H2O2 production, induced both phenols and Prx levels. Therefore, it is proposed that the vacuolar couple Prx/secondary metabolites represent an important sink/buffer of H2O2 in green plant cells.”
“Background Evaluation of vascular

variants is crucial for donor assessment prior to living kidney transplantation. Both contrast-enhanced (CE) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and multislice Selleckchem 3-Methyladenine computed tomography (MSCT) are currently used for imaging living kidney donors. Aim of this study was the comparison of the accuracy of MSCT angiography and CE-MRA for the assessment of renal vascular anatomy. Methods Prospective study at a university transplant center including 65 potential living kidney donors. Pre-operative imaging by MSCT angiography and CE-MRA was correlated with the findings of laparoscopic donor nephrectomy in 48 donors. Results MSCT detected significantly more patients and more kidneys with accessory arteries than CE-MRA (p < 0.05). MSCT and CE-MRA performed similarly in identifying venous and ureteral abnormalities.